Type | Web Page |
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URL | https://cutaactu.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Vaccination-Guidelines-for-Paratransit-Operations_FINAL.pdf |
Abstract | As the first wave of Covid-19 vaccinations continues to ramp-up, we hope this document can be an important resource for paratransit agencies. |
Date Added | 3/29/2021, 2:14:40 PM |
Type | Report |
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Author | Hamid Rahai |
Author | Jeremy Bonifacio |
URL | https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/mti_publications/350/ |
Date | 04/2021 |
Extra | DOI: 10.31979/mti.2021.2048 |
Institution | Mineta Transportation Institute |
Library Catalog | DOI.org (Crossref) |
Language | en |
Abstract | The authors performed unsteady numerical simulations of virus/particle transport released from a hypothetical passenger aboard a commuter bus. The bus model was sized according to a typical city bus used to transport passengers within the city of Long Beach in California. The simulations were performed for the bus in transit and when the bus was at a bus stop opening the middle doors for 30 seconds for passenger boarding and drop off. The infected passenger was sitting in an aisle seat in the middle of the bus, releasing 1267 particles (viruses)/min. The bus ventilation system released air from two linear slots in the ceiling at 2097 cubic feet per minute (CFM) and the air was exhausted at the back of the bus. Results indicated high exposure for passengers sitting behind the infectious during the bus transit. With air exchange outside during the bus stop, particles were spread to seats in front of the infectious passenger, thus increasing the risk of infection for the passengers sitting in front of the infectious person. With higher exposure time, the risk of infection is increased. One of the most important factors in assessing infection risk of respiratory diseases is the spatial distribution of the airborne pathogens. The deposition of the particles/viruses within the human respiratory system depends on the size, shape, and weight of the virus, the morphology of the respiratory tract, as well as the subject’s breathing pattern. For the current investigation, the viruses are modeled as solid particles of fixed size. While the results provide details of particles transport within a bus along with the probable risk of infection for a short duration, however, these results should be taken as preliminary as there are other significant factors such as the virus’s survival rate, the size distribution of the virus, and the space ventilation rate and mixing that contribute to the risk of infection and have not been taken into account in this investigation. |
Date Added | 4/8/2021, 10:30:48 AM |
Type | Journal Article |
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Author | Jean-Philippe Bonardi |
Author | Quentin Gallea |
Author | Dimitrija Kalanoski |
Author | Rafael Lalive |
Author | Raahil Madhok |
Author | Frederik Noack |
Author | Dominic Rohner |
Author | Tommaso Sonno |
URL | http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abee4d |
Publication | Environmental Research Letters |
Date | 2021 |
Journal Abbr | Environ. Res. Lett. |
DOI | 10.1088/1748-9326/abee4d |
Library Catalog | Institute of Physics |
Language | en |
Abstract | In Spring 2020, COVID-19 led to an unprecedented halt in public and economic life across the globe. In an otherwise tragic time, this provides a unique natural experiment to investigate the environmental impact of such a (temporary) “de-globalization". Here, we estimate the medium-run impact of a battery of COVID-19 related lockdown measures on air quality across 162 countries, going beyond the existing short-run estimates from a limited number of countries. In doing so, we leverage a new dataset categorizing lockdown measures and tracking their implementation and release, extending to August 31st 2020. We find that domestic and international lockdown measures overall led to a decline in PM2.5 pollution by 45 percent and 35 percent, respectively. This substantial impact persists in the medium-run, even as lockdowns are lifted. There is substantial heterogeneity across different types of lockdown measures, different countries, and different sources of pollution. We show that some country trajectories are much more appealing (with fewer COVID-19 casualties, less economic downturn and bigger pollution reductions) than others. Our results have important policy implications and highlight the potential to "build back better" a sustainable economy where pollution can be curbed in a less economically costly way than during the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Date Added | 4/7/2021, 9:18:41 AM |
Type | Web Page |
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Author | Anne Strauss-Wieder |
URL | https://www.njtpa.org/NJTPA/media/Documents/Planning/Plans-Guidance/Planning%20for%202050/njtpa_Covid-19_freight_report.pdf |
Abstract | The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating health and economic impacts. The global health emergency has also altered the functioning of the systems for moving the goods that businesses and households depend upon. This briefing report summarizes how the pandemic has disrupted the NJTPA region’s supply chains and the longer-term implications for the region. |
Date Added | 4/8/2021, 10:40:03 AM |