Type | Journal Article |
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Author | Graham Currie |
Author | Taru Jain |
Author | Laura Aston |
URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856421002391 |
Volume | 153 |
Pages | 218-234 |
Publication | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
Date | November 1, 2021 |
Journal Abbr | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
DOI | 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.009 |
Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
Language | en |
Abstract | This paper addresses the question, “Will post-pandemic travel behaviour, when the virus has gone, be different to pre-pandemic travel?”. It adopts an online survey where respondents were asked to report changes in travel during the various stages of the pandemic and expectations of future travel after the virus has gone. The paper focusses on commuting including total commuting, work from home (WFH), employment, travel mode volume and share and timing of morning commute trips using reported behaviour during pandemic shutdowns; and expectations of commuting when the virus has gone. The paper provides evidence that travel behaviour post-pandemic might be different to pre-pandemic travel. It suggests that after the pandemic, public transport ridership, which declined steeply during the pandemic, will return but not to pre-pandemic levels. A post-pandemic reduction effect of around 20% in transit commuting is expected. This effect is supported using secondary evidence from a number of international cities. Results imply a mode shift from public transport use to car driving; this will be particularly large for CBD/downtown areas and is likely to result in peak period traffic congestion after the virus has gone. Work from home increased substantially during the pandemic; this will reduce after the pandemic as enforced WFH is replaced by voluntary WFH. Nevertheless, a sustained future ongoing increase in WFH above pre-pandemic levels is suggested, acting to reduce peak commuting by 6% and commuting to Melbourne CBD by 20%. However, reductions in commuting due to WFH do not offset mode shift from public transport to car driving resulting in a net increase in car use after the pandemic. Infection fear is a new top concern of public transport users since the pandemic. This fear has transitioned from ‘fresh infection fear’; the initial concerns when the pandemic started to ‘residual infection fear’; a long-term effect when the virus has gone. Implications of the findings for research and practice are discussed. |
Date Added | 10/13/2021, 9:58:02 AM |
Type | Journal Article |
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Author | Miguel Figliozzi |
Author | Avinash Unnikrishnan |
URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856421002160 |
Volume | 153 |
Pages | 1-19 |
Publication | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
Date | November 1, 2021 |
Journal Abbr | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
DOI | 10.1016/j.tra.2021.08.012 |
Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
Language | en |
Abstract | E-commerce volumes and home deliveries have experienced steady growth in the last two decades. Strict COVID-19 lockdowns made home delivery an essential service and a lifeline for many households that, for travel restrictions or health concerns, were not able to utilize traditional shopping methods. This research studies the impact of socio-demographic variables and e-commerce attitudes on household deliveries for seven product categories (groceries, meals, electronics, household and office goods, recreational items, and fashion, beauty and personal care products, and medicine/health-related products) during the lockdown period in the greater Portland metropolitan region. To understand these impacts, exploratory factor analysis and choice models with latent variables are estimated utilizing data collected from an online survey representing the population in the greater Portland metropolitan region. The results indicate that each factor has a unique profile in terms of significant socio-demographic variables. A novel contribution of this research is to study the impact on home deliveries of non-traditional variables like health and safety concerns and the presence of household members with disabilities during a pandemic. The results show that health concerns are very influential and that there are substantial differences across factors on delivery rate and expenditure levels. Key findings and perspectives regarding future delivery rates and implications for transportation agencies and logistics companies are discussed. |
Date Added | 10/13/2021, 9:43:49 AM |
Type | Journal Article |
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Author | Ding Wang |
Author | Mohammad Tayarani |
Author | Brian Yueshuai He |
Author | Jingqin Gao |
Author | Joseph Y. J. Chow |
Author | H. Oliver Gao |
Author | Kaan Ozbay |
URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856421002299 |
Volume | 153 |
Pages | 151-170 |
Publication | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
Date | November 1, 2021 |
Journal Abbr | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
DOI | 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.005 |
Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
Language | en |
Abstract | COVID-19 has raised new challenges for transportation in the post-pandemic era. The social distancing requirement, with the aim of reducing contact risk in public transit, could exacerbate traffic congestion and emissions. We propose a simulation tool to evaluate the trade-offs between traffic congestion, emissions, and policies impacting travel behavior to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 including social distancing and working from home. Open-source agent-based simulation models are used to evaluate the transportation system usage for the case study of New York City. A Post Processing Software for Air Quality (PPS-AQ) estimation is used to evaluate the air quality impacts. Finally, system-wide contact exposure on the subway is estimated from the traffic simulation output. The social distancing requirement in public transit is found to be effective in reducing contact exposure, but it has negative congestion and emission impacts on Manhattan and neighborhoods at transit and commercial hubs. While telework can reduce congestion and emissions citywide, in Manhattan the negative impacts are higher due to behavioral inertia and social distancing. The findings suggest that contact exposure to COVID-19 on subways is relatively low, especially if social distancing practices are followed. The proposed integrated traffic simulation models and air quality estimation model can help policymakers evaluate the impact of policies on traffic congestion and emissions as well as identifying hot spots, both temporally and spatially. |
Date Added | 10/13/2021, 9:48:00 AM |
Type | Journal Article |
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Author | David A. Hensher |
Author | Matthew J. Beck |
Author | Camila Balbontin |
URL | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965856421002251 |
Volume | 153 |
Pages | 35-51 |
Publication | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
Date | November 1, 2021 |
Journal Abbr | Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice |
DOI | 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.001 |
Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
Language | en |
Abstract | The need to recognise and account for the influence of working from home on commuting activity has never been so real as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given a recognition that WFH activity during the pandemic has reduced the amount of commuting activity compared to pre-COVID-19, the inevitable question is raised as to what this might mean for some of the crucial inputs in the appraisal of transport initiatives. One critical value used in benefit-cost analysis is the value of time which converts time into monetary units in the calculation of user benefits. We are interested in whether reduced commuting activity is associated with higher or lower willing to pay to save time. We investigate this possibility with data from the Greater Sydney Metropolitan Area in late 2020 when working from home was at a high level. The findings of a higher average commuter VoT have major implications for the VoT used in transport appraisal given that time savings are the largest user benefit. We suggest a percentage adjustment required to align with the ‘new normal’ as currently known. |
Date Added | 10/13/2021, 9:46:13 AM |